Base Graphics

> par(mar = c(5, 4, 3, 2))
> plot(rnorm(100), rnorm(100), pch = 19)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> plot.window(xlim = c(0, 1), ylim = c(0, 1))
> rect(xleft = 0.1, ybottom = 0.1, xright = 0.9, ytop = 0.9)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> plot.window(xlim = c(0, 1), ylim = c(0, 1))
> xl <- seq(0.1, 0.45, 0.005)
> xr <- 1 - xl
> yb <- seq(0.1, 0.45, 0.005)
> yt <- 1 - yb
> rect(xleft = xl, ybottom = yb, xright = xr, ytop = yt)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> plot.window(xlim = c(0, 1), ylim = c(0, 1))
> p <- seq(0.1, 0.5, 0.005)
> rect(xleft = p, ybottom = p, xright = 1 - p, ytop = 1 - p)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> theta <- seq(0, 2 * pi, length = 72)
> x <- cos(theta)
> y <- sin(theta)
> plot.window(xlim = c(-1, 1), ylim = c(1, -1))
> lines(x, y)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> theta <- seq(0, 2 * pi, length = 15)
> x <- cos(theta)
> y <- sin(theta)
> plot.window(xlim = c(-1, 1), ylim = c(1, -1))
> lines(x, y)

> x1 <- seq(0, 1, length = 20)
> y1 <- rep(0, 20)
> x2 <- rep(0, 20)
> y2 <- seq(0.9, 0, length = 20)
> plot.new()
> plot.window(xlim = c(0, 1), ylim = c(0, 1), asp = 1)
> segments(x1, y1, x2, y2)

> par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
> plot.new()
> theta <- seq(0, 2 * pi, length = 17)
> x <- cos(theta)
> y <- sin(theta)
> plot.window(xlim = c(-1, 1), ylim = c(1, -1))
> lines(x, y, col = "red", lwd = 4)
> n <- 10000
> points <- sample(1:17, n, replace = T)
> par(new = T)
> lines(x[points], y[points])

> n = 17
> theta = seq(0, 2 * pi, length = n + 1)[1:n]
> x = sin(theta)
> y = cos(theta)
> v1 = rep(1:n, n)
> v2 = rep(1:n, rep(n, n))
> plot.new()
> plot.window(xlim = c(-1, 1), ylim = c(-1, 1), asp = 1)
> segments(x[v1], y[v1], x[v2], y[v2])